Metallic car.



No. 700,707. Patented May 27, I902. H. s. HART. 0

METALLIC CAR.

(Application filed July 3, 1899.) (No Model.) 5 Sheets$heet I.

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Jive/72% No. 700,767. Patented May,27, I902.

H. 3. HART.

METALLIC GAB.

(Application filed July 3, 1899.)

(No Model.)

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No. 700,767. Patented May 27; I902. H.' S. HART.

METALLIC cAn.

- (Application flied July :3, 1899.) (No Model.) 5 Shaets Sheet 3.

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H. S. HART.- METALLC CAR.

(Application filed July 3, 1390.

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H. SJHABT. METALLIC GAR.

(Application filed July 3, 1898.)

(No Model.)

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' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY STILLSON HART, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE ROGER BALLAST CAR COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS. A

METALLIC'CAR.-

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 700,767, dated May 27, 1902.

Q I Application filed July 3,1899. Serial No. 722,624. (No model.)

To all whom it vnay concern.-

Be it known that I, HARRY STILLSON HART, j a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Metallic Cars, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of cars which are formed of ordinary commercial iron IO or steel, and has special relation to that class of cars known as ballast-cars, all of which will more fully hereinafter appear.

The principal object of the'invention is to provide a freight-car, preferably of the wellknown ballast-car type,with side plate-girders restingat each end upon asingle self-contained or combinedend sill and bolster, which side girders support-the entire car-body and dispense with the usual side, center, and cross sills, as will be more fully hereinafter set forth.

A further object of my invention is to provide a simple, economical, and efficient metallic ballast-car with two transverse mem- 2 5 bers which take the place of the end sills and body-bolster and by which the car is supported and the shocks incident to use transmitted throughout the entire car.

Further objects of the invention will appear from the following description-and anexamination of the drawings.

The invention consists in the features, combinations, and details of construction hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of a portion of a car constructed in accordance with my improvements; Fig. 2, a plan view of the same; Fig. 3, a longitudinal sectional elevation taken on line 3 of Fig. 2; Fig. i, a plan sectional view taken on line 4 of Fig. 6 looking in the direction of-the arrow; Fig. 5, an end view of the 'car, and Fig. 6 a transverse sectional elevation taken on line 6 of Fig.

In illustrating and describing my invention I will only illustrate and describe that which I consider to be new, taken in connection with so much as is old as will properly disclose the invention and enable those skilled in the art to practice the same, leaving out of consideration other and well-known parts, which if described here would only tend to prolixity, confusion, and ambiguity. I have also preferred to illustrate and describe my improvements in connection with what is known as a ballast-car for the reason that most of my new features are particularly applicable to this style of car; but it will be understood that some of these features are applicable, with slight mechanical changes, to other kinds of cars-such as gondola, flat, and even box cars-and I do not desire to be understood as limiting myself entirely to the particular type of car illustrated herein.

In the art to which this invention relates it is well known that all or nearly all railwaycars in common use are provided with what are termed end, center, sub, intermediate, and side sills and body-bolsters, which act to support the weight of the parts and load and to receive and distribute the shocks incident to usage. These parts I dispense with and supply novel elements to take their place, and it will be seen from the following description and drawings that these novel elements, as well as the entire structure of the car, are composed of ordinary commercial iron or steel, such as angle and sheet iron, so that when the car is injured and needs repair all that is necessary is to purchase ordinary commercial iron at the nearest depot, which will enable the car to be repaired economically and readily at any point of its run.

In constructingmy improved car I use what I prefer to term a combined end sill and bodybolsterA, one of whichis located transversely at or near each end of the car and by which the load is sustained upon the ordinary truckbolster, not shown or described herein. This combined end sill and body-bolster is com posed of angle-irons a, which extend outwardly in a horizontal plane and act as flanges and to which are secured sheet-metal pieces a,that form the vertical members. and connect the angle-irons together and also take the=-place of a web. An examination of Fig. 3 will show that these web portions are placed parallel to each other and on the inside, extending vertically, and that the angle-irons act as flanges, extending outwardly. In Fig. t it will be seen that the web portions'areseparated considerably, so as to leave a space a at or near the central part, but gradually approaching each other at or near the end portions, where they are secured together and to a vertical plate a which is grasped between them. In Fig. 5 it will be seenthat these combined end sills and body-bolsters are cambered on their lower surfaces, as at a. v

To provide the body of the car and sustain the weight thereof,two side plate-girders B are provided and are formed of angle-irons b at the lower part and b at or near the upper part, between and to which the plate portions b are secured. Each end of these side plategirders is secured to the combined end sill and body-bolster and vertical plate by means of rivets 193, as shown particularly in Figs. 4 and 5, upon which they rest and by which they are supported. It will be noticed from an inspection of Fig. 1 that at or near the end portion and at their upper side these side plate-girders are cut away at an angle from the upper part toward the end, as at b, which in a measure resembles or follows the lines of a parabola, and thus provides maximum strength with the least amount of metal and an approximately equal fiber stress through the total length of the girder.

As above described,I prefer to use the side plate-girders B, which are formed as shown and which in the usual structures will support all the load that it is necessary to carry.

It is desirable, however, at times and under what might be termed unusual conditions to carry heavy loads of ballast, and I therefore reinforce these girders by using intermediate girders and connecting the same together, so as to form what may be termed a box girder at each side of the longitudinal center of the car, but which would only be necessary in connection with cars intended to carry heavy ballast or weights and-unnecessary in other types, such as gondola or coal cars. It is desirable in order to provide for unusually heavy loads to make these side girders as strong as possible, so that the shocks and strains incident to use can be fully absorbed without injuring the car, and.

thus satisfactorily dispense with the side and intermediate sills. To accomplish this result, I provide intermediate plate girders formed of angle-irons O, which are arranged lengthwise of the 'car and secured, by means of rivets and angles at each end, to the combined end sill and body-bolster,and plates 0, which are riveted thereto and which extend in ,a vertical plane and are arranged longitudinally with the car and parallel with and between the side plate-girders. These last-named girders form, with theside girders and the hopper-bottom and floor portions. D and D (which are arranged at an angle, as will be more fully hereinafter explained) and diagonal lattice-bracing L, a box-girder at each side of the car and which are sus tained at their end portions on the combined sills and bolsters.

To sustain the floor of the car, or, in other words, the hopper-bottoms D and D and the inclined ends D thereof, the posts E are provided and secured to the side plate-girders, extending upwardly in vertical planes. I have only shown five of these posts in the drawings; but it will also be understood that I only show one-half of one side elevation of the car. These vertical posts primarily act as stiffeners for the side plate-girders and at their upper ends have secured to them the plates (1 and d, which extend longitudinally of the car and connect with end pieces or angle-irons (1*. These parts dand d practically form a portion of the side of the hopper and are secured to the side plate-girders, as well as to the vertical posts.

The inclined bottoms extend downwardly and inwardly toward the longitudinal center of the car, where they are provided with swinging doors G and G, that meet at the longitudinal apex of the hopper bottom. These doors are opened and closed by means of the chains 9, which run across idlers g and are connected to a rock-shaft 9 The rockshaft is provided with a ratchet 9 which is operated by means of the lever-handle g and held against rotationin one direction by means of the pawl 9 The closing of the door is obtained by vibratory movement of the handle well known in winches and like mechanisms, while the opening is permitted by raising the handle and holding the pawl out of action,thus permitting thedoors to be opened by their own weight and load. These chains, which serve to open and close the doors of the hopper-bottom, are inclosed in a housing formed by means of the plates H and H, as shown particularly in Fig. 3, and which are riveted to the hopper-bottom, as shown in such figure, and act not only as housings, but also as tie-rods for the hopper-bottom.

It is desirable to provide means by which nally therefrom and to which the ordinary draft-rigging may be secured. These draft members are braced against vertical strains and by means of the braces I and 1 which are formed of the platestand angles 11 and i ,as shown particularly in Fig. 3, and extend upwardly and backwardly from the draft members to the inclined end of the hopperbottom, to which they are also secured by means of tie-angles 13 which extend across and tie the intermediate plate-girders together, and thus distribute the strains to such part. These draft elements are also. braced against horizontal strainby means of the plates 2' and '5 which are shown particularly in Fig. 2, and aresecured to the draft elements and the combined end sill andbodybolster.

To assist the combined sill and bolster in carrying the load, I provide .a truss-bar K,

which is riveted at or near each end to the vertical plates 0 and passed over struts K. By this means it will be seen that the load, as well as the weight of the car, is entirely carried onthese combined end sills and bodybolsters,which are strong enough to resist the entire stress and strains. It'will also be seen that the securing of the combined end sills and body-bolsters to the side and intermediate plate-girders, which form the box-girders in combination with the lattice-work L, (shownin Fig. 4,) distributes the shocks due to the bufling and hauling of the cars throughout the entire structure.

End platforms are provided,as usual in such cars, and are formed of plates of sheet metal M, resting on the draft members and secured to the angle-irons m and which are further provided with side plates m. These side angle-irons and plates are also secured to the bottom of the side plate-girders and passed outside of the ends of the combined end sill and body-bolster. to the end of which they are also secured. End postsP are provided, which are secured to the upright members for the draft-bracing by means of rivets and to the angle-irons running across the end of the hopper-bottom and which are used asnected rigidly to and resting on the top of said bolsters, said body being entirely supported from said bolsters'and side girders, substantially as described.

3. In acar of the class described, the combi nation of a combined end sill and body-bolster arranged transversely of the car at or near each end thereof, side plate-girders sup ported at or near their ends by and rigidly connected to the top of the'combined end sill and bolster, and a bottom portion supported by the side girders, substantially as described.

4. In a car of the class described, the combination of a combined end sill and body-bolster arranged transversely of and at or near each end of the car, a hopper portion, side plate-girderssupported at their ends upon the combined sills and bolsters and Support ing the hopper, and intermediate longitudi nal plate-girders supported at their ends upon the combined sills'and :bolsters to assist in supporting the hopper, substantially as described.

5. In a car of the class described, the combination of a combined end sill and body-bolster arranged transversely of and at or near each end of the car, a hopper portion and two box-girders supported at their ends upon the combinedsills and. bolsters and formed of two side plate-girders, two intermediate plate-girders, means for securing them-the side and intermediate girders-together at orneartheir lower'portions and supporting the hopper and a portion of the sloping side or bottom of the hopper, substantially as described.

6. In a car of the class described, the combination of a car-floor orbottom portion, side plate-girders supporting the same, a combinedend: silland body-bolster arranged transversely of'the car in position to be supported by thetruck and'secured to and below the ends'of the side plate-girders to support the same and transmit the buffing strainsto such girders,and means for transversely bracing the .bolster, substantially as described.

7. In a car ofthe class described, the combination of a car-floor or bottom portion, two side plate-girders supporting the same, a combined end sill and body-bolsterarranged transversely of and secured to and below the ends of the sideplate-girders to support the same and transmit the buffing strains to such girders, and a longitudinal truss member secured to'each end of such combined sill and bolster to assist them in carrying the loads, substantially as described.

8. In a car of the class described, the combination of a car-floor'or bottom portion, two side plate-girders supporting the same, a combined end sill and bodybolster arranged transversely of and secured to the ends of the side plate-girders to support the weight thereof and transmit the buffing strains to such girders, draft-rigging-supportin g members secured to and extending out endwise from'the combined sills and bolsters, and means' for assisting such draft members in resisting sidewise and vertical strains, substantially as de scribed. v Y

9. In a car of the class described, the combination with a body portion'of supporting side plate-girders,having their -upperedges bent to fit thev adjacent portions of the body,and

connecting members at the endsbetween thethe class described, acom its ends secured to the vertical plates, and a strutbetween the truss and longitudinal members, substantially as described.

11. In a car of the class described, a combined end sill and body-bolster formed of metal plates vertically disposed and extending longitudinallythereof, angle-irons secured to "the upper and lower edges of the same with their flanges extending outwardly therefrom and from the center in a horizontal plane, the longitudinal vertically-disposed members being separate at their transverse center and their flat vertical portions being bent toward each other and secured'together at their ends, substantially as described.

12. .In a car of theclass described, two side plate-girders, one on eachside', for supporting the body of the car longitudinally, each girder having a single plate-body and anindependent flanged rail on each side at the bottom forming a self-sustained side girder, substantially as described.

. 13. In acar-body-supporting frame, the combination of aside girder for each side formed of an outer girder having a metal plate-body and separate flanged metal rails united to the metal plate-body at the top and bottom edges thereof and an intermediate stay-girder having a metal plate -body and separate flanged metal rails united to the bottom edges there0f,-and.a cross-support at each end forming an end sill and body-bolster consisting of a metal plate-body and separate flanged metal rails united to the metal plate-body at the top and bottom edges on the outer face thereof, substantially as described.

14. In a car of the class described, the combination of a portion acting as an end sill and body-bolster, consisting of a cross-support formed by metal plates and independent top and bottom flanged rails on the outer face of the plates and located transversely of the car at each end, two side plate-girders, each consisting of a single metal plate-body, a flanged independent rail on each side of the metal plate-body at the bottom and a flanged independent metal plate-body at the top, each girder supported at its ends; only by the combined end sills and body-bolsters, and a hopper-shaped carbody carried by the side girders, substantially as described.

15. In a car of the class described, thecombination of a combined end sill and bodybolster consisting of a cross-support formed of metal plates, each plate having at the top andbottom on its outer face an independent flanged rail riveted thereto and located transversely of the car at or near each end, a hopper-shaped car-body having its sides and ends inclined, two side plate-girders supported at their ends by the combined end sills and body-bolsters, each girder consisting of a single metal plate-body, an independent flanged rail at the bottom of the plate-body on each side and riveted thereto, an independent flanged rail at the top of the plate-body and rail on the outer face of the riveted thereto forming a self sustained plate-girder on each side of the car supportring-the hopper-shaped car-body, and intermediate stay-girders, each consisting of a sinie metal plate-body and an independent flanged rail on each side at the bottom riveted to the plate-body, supported at the ends by end sills and body-bolsters, and furnishing a support for the hopper-shaped car-body against outward sagging or bending, substantially as described.

16. In a car of the class described, the combination of a combined end sill and body-bolster-arranged transversely of and at or near each end of the car and consisting of metal plates, each plate having at the top and bottom on the outer faceanindependent flanged metal rail riveted thereto, a hopper-shaped car-body having inward-sloping sides and ends and two boxirders supported at their ends upon the combined end sills and bodybolsters and formed of two side plate-girders and two intermediate plate-girders, each side plate-girder consisting of a single metal body and an independent flanged metal rail on each side at the bottom and an independent flanged metal rail at the top of the platebody and riveted thereto, and each staygirder consisting of a single metal plate-body and an independent flanged metal rail on each side of the metal plate-body at thebottom and riveted thereto, and means for securing the side plate-girder and its companion stay-girder one to the other at the bottom for the box-girders to support the hopper floor or bottom, substantially as described.

17. In a car of the class described, the combination of a car-body, two side plate-girders supporting the car-body, each consisting of a single metal plate-body and an independent flanged metal rail at the bottom of the metal plate-body on each side and riveted thereto and an independent flanged metal rail at the top of the metal plate-body on the outer face and riveted thereto, and a combined end sill and body-bolster arranged transversely of and secured to the ends of the side plate-girders for supporting the girders and transmitting buffing strain thereto, substantially as described.

18. In a car of the class described, the combination of a car-body, two side plate-girders supporting the car-body, each consisting of a single metal plate-body and an independent flanged metal rail at the bottom of the metal plate-body on each side and riveted thereto and an independent flanged metal rail at the top of the metal body on the outer face thereof and riveted thereto, a combined end sill and body-bolster arranged transversely of and secured to the ends of the side plate-girders and furnishing a support for the girders and transmitting buffing strains thereto, and adraftbumper at each end of the car projecting from the combined end sill and bolster-body and assisting the combined sill and bolster in carrying the load, substantially as described.

ioo

19. In a car of the class described, the combination of a car-body, two side plate-girders supporting the body, each consisting of a single metal plate-bodyand independent flanged metal rails at the top and bottom of the platebody and riveted thereto for each girder to have a rail at its top and a rail on each side at the bottom to be self-sustained and support the weight of the body and load, a combined end sill and body bolster arranged transversely of and secured to the ends of the side plate-girders supporting the girders at the ends and transmitting buffing strains to the girders, a draft-bumper at each end of the car projecting endwise from the combined end sill and bolster, and means for assisting such draft-bumper in resisting sidewise and vertical strains, substantially as described.

20. In a metal car, the combination with side plate-girders, of body-bolsters to which the side girders are secured, a car-body rigidly held between the side girders, reinforcing-standards secured to the side girders and upper edge of the body, and independent conmeeting-braces between the bolster and body and the side plate-girders and body, substantially as described.

21. The combination with side plate-girders, of end sills rigidly connecting the ends of the girders,a body supported between the girders and braces extending from the upper and lower portions of the end sills to the end of the body, substantially as described.

22. The combination with a side supporting-plate, of an obliquely-arranged hopperplate riveted thereto at a point above the lower edge of the side plate, and a bracing member inside of said side supporting-plate hopper-plate, an angle-bar secured to the lower edge of the side plate, and vertical posts secured to the side plate, substantially as described.

24. The combination with side girders, of an end sill, corner-posts supported directly by said end sill and secured to said side girders, and a car-body whose sides are supported by said side girders and whose ends are supported by said corner-posts, substantially as described.

25. The combination with a metal car-body, of side girders, an end sill connected directly to said side girders, angle corner-posts secured to said girders and supported by said end sill, and whose upper ends are connected to said car-body, substantially as described.

26. In a car of the class described the combination with a body, of a bolster or end sill, draft-rigging members and the plates I and 1 extending from the said members to the body.

27. In a car of the class described, the combination with a body, ofa bolster, a draft- :rigging member, the brace-plates, I li and the horizontal plates 2' 1?.

28. The combination with a car-body having an overhanging end, of a transverse bolster, corner-posts connected to said bolster and to said overhanging end, a structure supported by said bolster and extending forwardly, and braces for the central portion of said inclined end supported'by said forwardlyextending structure and connectedto the overhanging end of the car-body, substantially as described.

29. In a car, the combination with side plate-girders, and body-bolsters supporting said plate-girders, of an inclined bottom and supports for said inclined bottom springing from and rigidly secured to saidbolster, substantially as described.

30. In a car of the class described, the combination of'a combined end sill and bodybolster arranged transversely of and 'at or near each end of the car, a hopperportion, and side plate-girders supported by said combined end sills and bolsters at each side of the hopper portion and connected to form in eifect box-girders, said hopper portion being supported by said side plate-girders, substantially as described.

31. In a hopper-bottom car, a draft-beam extending forwardly from the bolster, the outer end of the draft-beam depending on the overhanging part of the car-body for its ver tical support, substantially as described.

32. In a hopper-bottom car, a body bolster composed of an upper and a lower part, the

tion plate-girders, a portion of the walls of the car-body,and transverse connections,substantially as described.

35. In a metal car, the combination with a car-body, of side box-girders extending longitudinally and each comprising in its structure a plurality of-plate-girders, a portion of the Walls of the car-body, and transverse con nections, substantially as described.

36. In a caret the class described th'ecom bination with the body, of supporting means therefor, a sill or bolster, a cross-piece such as i on the body and a brace between the cross-piece and the bolster.

37. In a, hopper-bottom car, a draw-beam hanging portion of the oar-body whereby the extending outward from the bolster the outer draw-beam is supported in its position by the 10 portion of the draw-beam depending on an said overhanging portion of the oar-body. overhanging part of the car-body for its ver- A tical support. v HARRY S'l ILLSON HART.

38. In a hopper-bottom car a draw-beam \Vitnesses: extending forward from the bolsterand a con- THOMA$ F. SHERIDAN, neotion between the draw-beam and an over- THOMAS B. MQGREGOR. 

